UPSC Prelims 2025 Q82: Indian Economy – Infrastructure
Consider the following statements:
I. Indian Railways have prepared a National Rail Plan (NRP) to create a 'future ready' railway
system by 2028.
II. 'Kavach' is an Automatic Train Protection system developed in collaboration with Germany.
III. 'Kavach' system consists of RFID tags fitted on track in station section.
Which of the statements given above are not correct?
- (a) I and II only
- (b) II and III only
- (c) I and III only
- (d) I, II and III
Answer: (a) I and II only
Explanation
National Rail Plan and Kavach
The question asks which statements are not correct.
| Statement | Verdict | Fact |
|---|---|---|
| I. Indian Railways have prepared a National Rail Plan to create a 'future ready' railway system by 2028 | Not correct | The target year is 2030 |
| II. 'Kavach' is an Automatic Train Protection system developed in collaboration with Germany | Not correct | It is indigenous, developed by RDSO with Indian firms |
| III. 'Kavach' system consists of RFID tags fitted on track in station section | Correct | RFID tags on the track tell the locomotive its exact position |
About Kavach:
| Feature | Detail |
|---|---|
| What it does | Applies brakes automatically if the driver passes a red signal or overspeeds |
| Parts | Trackside RFID tags, on-board equipment, station units, radio towers |
| Safety level | SIL-4, the highest |
National Rail Plan: aims to raise the railways' share of freight to 45 percent.
Answer: (a) I and II only.
Why each option is right or wrong
- (a) CORRECT. Statements I and II are not correct: the year is 2030 and Kavach is indigenous.
- (b) Incorrect. Statement III is correct, and statement I is the one that is wrong.
- (c) Incorrect. Statement III on RFID tags is correct.
- (d) Incorrect. Statement III is a correct statement about Kavach.
Key point
National Rail Plan: future-ready railway by 2030, 45 percent freight share. Kavach: indigenous Automatic Train Protection by RDSO, using RFID tags; SIL-4.
Remember
Kavach is indigenous; National Rail Plan targets 2030.
Common mistakes
- Missing the word 'not' in the question.
- Accepting 2028 because it is close to 2030.
- Assuming a train safety system must be imported.
Exam tip
In 'not correct' questions, mark each statement first, then pick the false ones.
Sources
- Ministry of Railways — National Rail Plan (NRP) for India 2030
- Press Information Bureau — Kavach: Automatic Train Protection System