UPSC Prelims 2022 Q53: Modern History – Revolutionary & Communist Movements
Consider the following freedom fighters:
1. Barindra Kumar Ghosh
2. Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee
3. Rash Behari Bose
Who of the above was/were actively associated with the Ghadar Party?
- (a) 1 and 2
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 1 and 3
- (d) 3 only
Answer: (d) 3 only
Explanation
Who was linked to the Ghadar Party?
| Revolutionary | Main association | Ghadar link? |
|---|---|---|
| Barindra Kumar Ghosh | Anushilan / Jugantar in Bengal; Maniktala bomb factory; Alipore Conspiracy Case (1908) | No |
| Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee | Anushilan Samiti and founder member of the Hindustan Republican Association (1924); Kakori case | No |
| Rash Behari Bose | Organised the planned Ghadar uprising of February 1915 with Ghadarites returning from abroad | Yes |
The Ghadar Party was founded in 1913 in San Francisco by Lala Har Dayal and Sohan Singh Bhakna.
Rash Behari Bose was its key organiser inside India and later went to Japan.
Answer: (d) 3 only.
Why each option is right or wrong
- (a) Incorrect. Both Barindra Ghosh and Jogesh Chatterjee worked in Bengal and HRA circles, not Ghadar.
- (b) Incorrect. Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee was with Anushilan and the HRA, not the Ghadar Party.
- (c) Incorrect. Barindra Kumar Ghosh belonged to the Jugantar group and was jailed after 1908.
- (d) CORRECT. Rash Behari Bose planned the 1915 Ghadar revolt with returning Ghadarites.
Key point
Rash Behari Bose led the February 1915 Ghadar uprising plan; Barindra Ghosh (Jugantar) and Jogesh Chatterjee (HRA) were not Ghadarites.
Remember
Ghadar's man in India: Rash Behari Bose (1915 revolt plan).
Common mistakes
- Assuming all Bengal revolutionaries were linked to the Ghadar Party.
- Forgetting Barindra Ghosh was in Andaman jail after the Alipore case during the Ghadar years.
- Mixing Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee (HRA) with Jatindranath Mukherjee (Bagha Jatin), who sought German arms.
Exam tip
Ghadar = Har Dayal, Sohan Singh Bhakna, Kartar Singh Sarabha and, inside India, Rash Behari Bose.
Sources
- Bipan Chandra — India's Struggle for Independence, Ch 11 (Ghadar)
- NCERT Class XII — Themes in Indian History III