UPSC Prelims 2014 Q73: Science & Technology – Biology
Consider the following statements :
1. Maize can be used for the production of starch.
2. Oil extracted from maize can be a feedstock for biodiesel.
3. Alcoholic beverages can be produced by using maize.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Explanation
Uses of maize
| Statement | Verdict | Fact |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Maize can be used for the production of starch | Correct | Corn starch is the main industrial starch |
| 2. Oil extracted from maize can be a feedstock for biodiesel | Correct | Corn oil can be converted into biodiesel |
| 3. Alcoholic beverages can be produced by using maize | Correct | Bourbon whiskey and some beers use maize |
Other uses of maize:
| Use | Detail |
|---|---|
| Animal feed | The largest use, for poultry |
| Ethanol | Blended with petrol |
| Food | Corn flour, cornflakes, sweet corn, popcorn |
| Sweeteners | High fructose corn syrup |
In India: maize is a kharif crop, grown mainly in Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Maharashtra.
It is called the 'queen of cereals'.
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3.
Why each option is right or wrong
- (a) Incorrect. Maize also gives biodiesel feedstock and alcoholic beverages.
- (b) Incorrect. Alcoholic beverages can also be produced from maize.
- (c) Incorrect. Starch is also produced from maize.
- (d) CORRECT. Maize is used for starch, biodiesel and alcoholic beverages.
Key point
Maize: starch, corn oil (biodiesel feedstock), ethanol and beverages, poultry feed, sweeteners; a kharif crop called the 'queen of cereals'.
Remember
Maize = starch + oil + alcohol + feed.
Common mistakes
- Thinking maize is only a food grain.
- Confusing bioethanol (from starch) with biodiesel (from oil); maize gives both.
- Forgetting that most maize goes to poultry feed.
Exam tip
'Can be used for' with a versatile crop: usually all statements are right.
Sources
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research — Maize: uses and value addition
- Encyclopaedia Britannica — maize