UPSC Prelims 2007 Q119: Science & Technology – Biology
In human beings, normally
in which one of the following parts does the sperm fertilize the ovum?
- (a) Cervix
- (b) Fallopian Tube
- (c) Lower Part of Uterus
- (d) Upper Part of Uterus
Answer: (b) Fallopian Tube
Explanation
Site of fertilisation in humans — Fallopian tube
| Event | Place |
|---|---|
| Ovulation | Ovary releases the ovum |
| Fertilisation | Ampulla of the Fallopian tube (oviduct) |
| Cleavage | While the zygote moves down the tube |
| Implantation | Uterus wall (endometrium) — blastocyst stage, ~7 days after fertilisation |
The cervix is the narrow lower neck of the uterus — sperms pass through it but do not fertilise there.
Answer: (b) Fallopian Tube.
Why each option is right or wrong
- (a) Incorrect. The cervix is a passage for sperm, not the site of fertilisation.
- (b) CORRECT. Fertilisation takes place in the ampulla of the Fallopian tube.
- (c) Incorrect. The lower uterus is not where fertilisation happens.
- (d) Incorrect. The upper uterus is where the embryo implants, not where fertilisation happens.
Key point
Fertilisation = ampulla of the Fallopian tube. Implantation = uterus wall.
Remember
Sperm meets ovum in the Fallopian tube.
Common mistakes
- Confusing fertilisation (Fallopian tube) with implantation (uterus).
- Not knowing the ampulla is the exact region.
- Thinking fertilisation happens in the ovary.
Exam tip
F for F: Fertilisation in the Fallopian tube. Implantation → uterus.
Sources
- NCERT Class XII — Biology, Ch 3 (Human Reproduction)
- NCERT Class X — Science, Ch 8 (How do Organisms Reproduce?)