UPSC Prelims 2004 Q10: Science & Technology – Health & Diseases
Consider the following statements:
1. Non - function of lachrymal gland is an important symptom of deficiency of Vitamin A.
2. Deficiency of Vitamin B1 can lead to indigestion and heart enlargement.
3. Vitamin C deficiency can lead to pain in the muscles.
4. Deficiency of Vitamin D causes increased loss of Ca++ in urine.
Which of these statements given above are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2
- (b) 2, 3 and 4
- (c) 1, 3 and 4
- (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer: (a) 1 and 2
Explanation
Vitamin deficiency diseases
| Statement | Verdict |
|---|---|
| 1. Lachrymal gland non-function: Vitamin A deficiency | True — xerophthalmia, dry eye |
| 2. Vitamin B1 deficiency: indigestion and heart enlargement | True — beri-beri |
| 3. Vitamin C deficiency: muscle pain | Not accepted; scurvy causes bleeding gums and weakness |
| 4. Vitamin D deficiency: increased loss of calcium in urine | Not accepted; it reduces calcium absorption in the gut |
Statements 1 and 2 are correct, as per the published key.
Answer: (a) 1 and 2.
Why each option is right or wrong
- (a) CORRECT. Statements 1 and 2 are correct.
- (b) Incorrect. Statements 3 and 4 are not accepted.
- (c) Incorrect. Statements 3 and 4 are not accepted.
- (d) Incorrect. Statements 3 and 4 are not accepted.
Key point
A: night blindness, xerophthalmia; B1: beri-beri; C: scurvy; D: rickets.
Remember
Vitamin A deficiency affects the lachrymal gland; B1 deficiency causes beri-beri.
Common mistakes
- Taking muscle pain as the symptom of scurvy.
- Linking Vitamin D with urinary loss of calcium.
- Forgetting that dry eyes come from Vitamin A shortage.
Exam tip
Vitamin and disease pairs are a favourite.
Sources
- NCERT Class VI Science — Food: Components of Food
- National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR) — Nutrient Requirements and Recommended Dietary Allowances for Indians