UPSC Prelims 2003 Q7: Science & Technology – Biology
With reference to the work of human kidney, consider the following statements:
1. After the waste is removed in the kidney, the cleaner blood is sent back through renal artery.
2. From Bowman’s capsule, the filtered liquid passes through tiny tubes where much of the
glucose is reabsorbed and sent back to the blood in the renal vein.
Which of these statements is/are correct?
- (a) Only 1
- (b) Only 2
- (c) Both 1 and 2
- (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: (b) Only 2
Explanation
Working of the human kidney
| Statement | Verdict |
|---|---|
| 1. Cleaner blood is returned through the renal artery | False: cleaned blood leaves the kidney through the renal vein; the renal artery brings blood in |
| 2. Glucose is reabsorbed in the tubules and sent to the renal vein | True |
Only statement 2 is correct.
Answer: (b) Only 2.
Why each option is right or wrong
- (a) Incorrect. Statement 1 names the wrong vessel.
- (b) CORRECT. Only statement 2 is correct.
- (c) Incorrect. Statement 1 is false.
- (d) Incorrect. Statement 2 is true.
Key point
Renal artery in, renal vein out; Bowman's capsule filters, tubules reabsorb.
Remember
Cleaned blood leaves the kidney through the renal vein.
Common mistakes
- Swapping the renal artery and vein.
- Forgetting that glucose is reabsorbed in the tubules.
- Confusing the nephron with the ureter.
Exam tip
Artery carries blood away from the heart; the renal artery brings blood to the kidney.
Sources
- NCERT Class X Science — Life Processes
- NCERT Class XI Biology — Excretory Products and their Elimination