UPSC Prelims 2003 Q19: Environment & Ecology – Environmental Governance & Legislation
The Genetic Engineering Approval Committee, whose permission is required for cultivation
of any genetically modified crop such as Bt - Cotton in India, is under the Union Minister of
- (a) Agriculture
- (b) Environment and Forests
- (c) Commerce and Industry
- (d) Rural Development
Answer: (b) Environment and Forests
Explanation
Genetic Engineering Approval Committee
| Ministry | GEAC? |
|---|---|
| Environment and Forests | Yes — GEAC works under it under the 1989 Rules |
| Agriculture | No |
| Commerce and Industry | No |
| Rural Development | No |
The Genetic Engineering Approval Committee is under the Ministry of Environment and Forests; it approves the release of genetically modified crops such as Bt cotton.
Answer: (b) Environment and Forests.
Why each option is right or wrong
- (a) Incorrect. Agriculture advises but does not house the GEAC.
- (b) CORRECT. GEAC functions under the Ministry of Environment and Forests.
- (c) Incorrect. Commerce and Industry has no role.
- (d) Incorrect. Rural Development has no role.
Key point
GEAC: under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and Rules 1989; Bt cotton approved 2002.
Remember
GEAC works under the Ministry of Environment and Forests.
Common mistakes
- Choosing Agriculture for crops.
- Confusing GEAC with the Review Committee on Genetic Manipulation (DBT).
- Forgetting the Rules of 1989 made under the Act.
Exam tip
GEAC: MoEF; RCGM: Department of Biotechnology.
Sources
- MoEF — GEAC
- Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
- Rules for the Manufacture, Use, Import, Export and Storage of Hazardous Micro-Organisms, Genetically Engineered Organisms or Cells, 1989