CAPF AC 2025 Q37: Modern History – Post - Independence India
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Explanation
Bhoodan Movement
How to think: Vinoba Bhave, a Gandhian, started the Bhoodan (land-gift) movement in 1951 as a peaceful alternative to the violent land struggle in Telangana.
| Statement | Fact | Verdict |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Aimed at a non-violent society | Land was to be given voluntarily, a Gandhian answer to the violent Telangana struggle | Correct |
| 2. Included schemes like Sampattidan and Shramdan | The movement grew into Gramdan, Sampattidan (gift of wealth), Shramdan (gift of labour) and other 'dan' programmes | Correct |
| 3. Began in a village in Andhra Pradesh in 1951 | It began on 18 April 1951 at Pochampally, then in the Telugu region (now Telangana) | Correct (the village lies in the Telugu region that was then part of the Andhra country) |
Caveat: Pochampally is in Telangana today.
The statement says Andhra Pradesh because Telangana was part of the old undivided state until 2014.
Bank key corrected: the stored key was (c) 1 and 3 only; statement 2 is also true, so (d).
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3.
Why each option is right or wrong
- (a) Incorrect. Statement 3 is also accepted: the movement began at Pochampally in 1951.
- (b) Incorrect. Statement 1 is also true.
- (c) Incorrect. Statement 2 is also true: Sampattidan and Shramdan were part of the movement.
- (d) CORRECT. All three statements hold, with the note that Pochampally is now in Telangana.
Key point
Bhoodan: Vinoba Bhave, 18 April 1951, Pochampally (then Nalgonda district, Hyderabad State; now Telangana); first gift 100 acres from Vedire Ramachandra Reddy. Later forms: Gramdan, Sampattidan, Shramdan, Buddhidan, Jeevandan. Over 4 million acres pledged.
Remember
Bhoodan: 1951, Pochampally, Vinoba Bhave; 'dan' gifts of land, wealth, labour.
Common mistakes
- Thinking Sampattidan and Shramdan were unrelated to Bhoodan.
- Starting the movement at Sevagram or Wardha, Vinoba's ashram towns.
- Placing the first gift in Odisha or Bihar, where the movement later spread.
Exam tip
Educated guess: when a movement is described with its key ideals (non-violence, voluntary gifts of land, wealth and labour) and its birthplace, all three statements fit. The Telugu-region start is the one detail to remember.
Sources
- NCERT Class XII Politics in India since Independence, Chapter 2 (Era of One-Party Dominance) and Chapter on Popular Movements
- Vinoba Bhave, Bhoodan Yajna (Navajivan Publishing House, 1953)