CAPF AC 2022 Q13: Science & Technology – Biology
Lysosomes are sacs of the cell filled with digestive enzymes. These digestive enzymes are synthesized by
- (a) Golgi bodies
- (b) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- (c) rough endoplasmic reticulum
- (d) lysosome itself
Answer: (c) rough endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation
Where lysosomal enzymes are made
How to think: enzymes are proteins.
Proteins are made on ribosomes.
The endoplasmic reticulum that carries ribosomes is the rough one.
| Organelle | Role |
|---|---|
| Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) | Has ribosomes; makes proteins, including lysosomal enzymes |
| Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) | Makes lipids; detoxifies drugs and poisons |
| Golgi apparatus | Packs and dispatches materials; lysosomes bud off from it |
| Lysosome | Stores the digestive enzymes; the suicide bag of the cell |
The full path: enzymes are made by the RER, packed by the Golgi apparatus and stored in the lysosome.
Answer: (c) rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Why each option is right or wrong
- (a) Incorrect. Golgi bodies package the enzymes; they do not synthesize them.
- (b) Incorrect. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum makes lipids, not proteins.
- (c) CORRECT. The rough endoplasmic reticulum makes the digestive enzymes of lysosomes.
- (d) Incorrect. A lysosome only stores and uses the enzymes.
Key point
NCERT Class IX: lysosomes contain powerful digestive enzymes made by the RER. RER: proteins. SER: lipids, detoxification. Golgi: packaging and formation of lysosomes. Lysosomes: waste disposal, suicide bags.
Remember
RER makes, Golgi packs, lysosome stores.
Common mistakes
- Marking Golgi bodies because lysosomes are formed from them.
- Mixing up rough ER (proteins) with smooth ER (lipids).
- Thinking an organelle makes its own enzymes just because it stores them.
Exam tip
Educated guess: the question says synthesized. Enzymes are proteins, proteins need ribosomes, and only the rough ER carries ribosomes.
Sources
- NCERT Class IX Science — The Fundamental Unit of Life (lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus)
- NCERT Class XI Biology — Cell: The Unit of Life (the endomembrane system)